How are governments going to pay to make 19th century institutions fit to deal with 21st century problems?

Name: How are governments going to pay to make 19th century institutions fit to deal with 21st century problems?
Start: 2026-03-02
Location: St Antony's College

Governments are spending a lot of money, including on debt interest, but most reforms cost money and society needs to pay for them. How and what consequences does this have for government planning.